Sexual homomorphism in dioecious trees: extensive tests fail to detect sexual dimorphism in Populus †.
Identifieur interne : 001200 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001199; suivant : 001201Sexual homomorphism in dioecious trees: extensive tests fail to detect sexual dimorphism in Populus †.
Auteurs : Athena D. Mckown [Canada] ; Jaroslav Klápšt [République tchèque, Nouvelle-Zélande] ; Robert D. Guy [Canada] ; Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally [Canada] ; Jonathan La Mantia [États-Unis] ; Ilga Porth [Canada] ; Oleksandr Skyba [Canada] ; Faride Unda [Canada] ; Carl J. Douglas [Canada] ; Yousry A. El-Kassaby [Canada] ; Richard C. Hamelin [Canada] ; Shawn D. Mansfield [Canada] ; Quentin C B. Cronk [Canada]Source :
- Scientific reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
The evolution of sexual dimorphism and expansion of sex chromosomes are both driven through sexual conflict, arising from differing fitness optima between males and females. Here, we pair work in poplar (Populus) describing one of the smallest sex-determining regions known thus far in complex eukaryotes (~100 kbp) with comprehensive tests for sexual dimorphism using >1300 individuals from two Populus species and assessing 96 non-reproductive functional traits. Against expectation, we found sexual homomorphism (no non-reproductive trait differences between the sexes), suggesting that gender is functionally neutral with respect to non-reproductive features that affect plant survival and fitness. Combined with a small sex-determining region, we infer that sexual conflict may be effectively stymied or non-existent within these taxa. Both sexual homomorphism and the small sex-determining region occur against a background of strong environmental selection and local adaptation in Populus. This presents a powerful hypothesis for the evolution of dioecious species. Here, we suggest that environmental selection may be sufficient to suppress and stymy sexual conflict if it acts orthogonal to sexual selection, thereby placing limitations on the evolution of sexual dimorphism and genomic expansion of sex chromosomes.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01893-z
PubMed: 28500332
PubMed Central: PMC5431824
Affiliations:
- Canada, Nouvelle-Zélande, République tchèque, États-Unis
- Colombie-Britannique , Québec
- Québec (ville), Vancouver
- Université Laval, Université de la Colombie-Britannique
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Sexual homomorphism in dioecious trees: extensive tests fail to detect sexual dimorphism in Populus <sup>†</sup>.</title><author><name sortKey="Mckown, Athena D" sort="Mckown, Athena D" uniqKey="Mckown A" first="Athena D" last="Mckown">Athena D. Mckown</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. admckown@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klapst, Jaroslav" sort="Klapst, Jaroslav" uniqKey="Klapst J" first="Jaroslav" last="Klápšt">Jaroslav Klápšt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Dendrology and Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, 165 21, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Dendrology and Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, 165 21</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>165 21</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd.), Whakarewarewa, Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd.), Whakarewarewa, Rotorua, 3046</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>3046</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guy, Robert D" sort="Guy, Robert D" uniqKey="Guy R" first="Robert D" last="Guy">Robert D. Guy</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soolanayakanahally, Raju Y" sort="Soolanayakanahally, Raju Y" uniqKey="Soolanayakanahally R" first="Raju Y" last="Soolanayakanahally">Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>S7N 0X2</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="La Mantia, Jonathan" sort="La Mantia, Jonathan" uniqKey="La Mantia J" first="Jonathan" last="La Mantia">Jonathan La Mantia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Corn and Soybean Research, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Corn and Soybean Research, Wooster, OH, 44691</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>44691</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Porth, Ilga" sort="Porth, Ilga" uniqKey="Porth I" first="Ilga" last="Porth">Ilga Porth</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université Laval</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Québec (ville)</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Skyba, Oleksandr" sort="Skyba, Oleksandr" uniqKey="Skyba O" first="Oleksandr" last="Skyba">Oleksandr Skyba</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Unda, Faride" sort="Unda, Faride" uniqKey="Unda F" first="Faride" last="Unda">Faride Unda</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Douglas, Carl J" sort="Douglas, Carl J" uniqKey="Douglas C" first="Carl J" last="Douglas">Carl J. Douglas</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Kassaby, Yousry A" sort="El Kassaby, Yousry A" uniqKey="El Kassaby Y" first="Yousry A" last="El-Kassaby">Yousry A. El-Kassaby</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamelin, Richard C" sort="Hamelin, Richard C" uniqKey="Hamelin R" first="Richard C" last="Hamelin">Richard C. Hamelin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mansfield, Shawn D" sort="Mansfield, Shawn D" uniqKey="Mansfield S" first="Shawn D" last="Mansfield">Shawn D. Mansfield</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cronk, Quentin C B" sort="Cronk, Quentin C B" uniqKey="Cronk Q" first="Quentin C B" last="Cronk">Quentin C B. Cronk</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28500332</idno><idno type="pmid">28500332</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/s41598-017-01893-z</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC5431824</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">001321</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001321</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001321</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">001321</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001321</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Sexual homomorphism in dioecious trees: extensive tests fail to detect sexual dimorphism in Populus <sup>†</sup>.</title><author><name sortKey="Mckown, Athena D" sort="Mckown, Athena D" uniqKey="Mckown A" first="Athena D" last="Mckown">Athena D. Mckown</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. admckown@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Klapst, Jaroslav" sort="Klapst, Jaroslav" uniqKey="Klapst J" first="Jaroslav" last="Klápšt">Jaroslav Klápšt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Dendrology and Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, 165 21, Czech Republic.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Dendrology and Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, 165 21</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>165 21</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd.), Whakarewarewa, Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nouvelle-Zélande</country><wicri:regionArea>Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd.), Whakarewarewa, Rotorua, 3046</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>3046</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guy, Robert D" sort="Guy, Robert D" uniqKey="Guy R" first="Robert D" last="Guy">Robert D. Guy</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soolanayakanahally, Raju Y" sort="Soolanayakanahally, Raju Y" uniqKey="Soolanayakanahally R" first="Raju Y" last="Soolanayakanahally">Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>S7N 0X2</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="La Mantia, Jonathan" sort="La Mantia, Jonathan" uniqKey="La Mantia J" first="Jonathan" last="La Mantia">Jonathan La Mantia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Corn and Soybean Research, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Corn and Soybean Research, Wooster, OH, 44691</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>44691</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Porth, Ilga" sort="Porth, Ilga" uniqKey="Porth I" first="Ilga" last="Porth">Ilga Porth</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université Laval</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Québec (ville)</settlement><region type="state">Québec</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Skyba, Oleksandr" sort="Skyba, Oleksandr" uniqKey="Skyba O" first="Oleksandr" last="Skyba">Oleksandr Skyba</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Unda, Faride" sort="Unda, Faride" uniqKey="Unda F" first="Faride" last="Unda">Faride Unda</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Douglas, Carl J" sort="Douglas, Carl J" uniqKey="Douglas C" first="Carl J" last="Douglas">Carl J. Douglas</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="El Kassaby, Yousry A" sort="El Kassaby, Yousry A" uniqKey="El Kassaby Y" first="Yousry A" last="El-Kassaby">Yousry A. El-Kassaby</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamelin, Richard C" sort="Hamelin, Richard C" uniqKey="Hamelin R" first="Richard C" last="Hamelin">Richard C. Hamelin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mansfield, Shawn D" sort="Mansfield, Shawn D" uniqKey="Mansfield S" first="Shawn D" last="Mansfield">Shawn D. Mansfield</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cronk, Quentin C B" sort="Cronk, Quentin C B" uniqKey="Cronk Q" first="Quentin C B" last="Cronk">Quentin C B. Cronk</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de la Colombie-Britannique</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Vancouver</settlement><region type="state">Colombie-Britannique </region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The evolution of sexual dimorphism and expansion of sex chromosomes are both driven through sexual conflict, arising from differing fitness optima between males and females. Here, we pair work in poplar (Populus) describing one of the smallest sex-determining regions known thus far in complex eukaryotes (~100 kbp) with comprehensive tests for sexual dimorphism using >1300 individuals from two Populus species and assessing 96 non-reproductive functional traits. Against expectation, we found sexual homomorphism (no non-reproductive trait differences between the sexes), suggesting that gender is functionally neutral with respect to non-reproductive features that affect plant survival and fitness. Combined with a small sex-determining region, we infer that sexual conflict may be effectively stymied or non-existent within these taxa. Both sexual homomorphism and the small sex-determining region occur against a background of strong environmental selection and local adaptation in Populus. This presents a powerful hypothesis for the evolution of dioecious species. Here, we suggest that environmental selection may be sufficient to suppress and stymy sexual conflict if it acts orthogonal to sexual selection, thereby placing limitations on the evolution of sexual dimorphism and genomic expansion of sex chromosomes.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28500332</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2018</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2045-2322</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>7</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>12</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Scientific reports</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Sci Rep</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Sexual homomorphism in dioecious trees: extensive tests fail to detect sexual dimorphism in Populus <sup>†</sup>.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1831</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1038/s41598-017-01893-z</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The evolution of sexual dimorphism and expansion of sex chromosomes are both driven through sexual conflict, arising from differing fitness optima between males and females. Here, we pair work in poplar (Populus) describing one of the smallest sex-determining regions known thus far in complex eukaryotes (~100 kbp) with comprehensive tests for sexual dimorphism using >1300 individuals from two Populus species and assessing 96 non-reproductive functional traits. Against expectation, we found sexual homomorphism (no non-reproductive trait differences between the sexes), suggesting that gender is functionally neutral with respect to non-reproductive features that affect plant survival and fitness. Combined with a small sex-determining region, we infer that sexual conflict may be effectively stymied or non-existent within these taxa. Both sexual homomorphism and the small sex-determining region occur against a background of strong environmental selection and local adaptation in Populus. This presents a powerful hypothesis for the evolution of dioecious species. Here, we suggest that environmental selection may be sufficient to suppress and stymy sexual conflict if it acts orthogonal to sexual selection, thereby placing limitations on the evolution of sexual dimorphism and genomic expansion of sex chromosomes.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McKown</LastName><ForeName>Athena D</ForeName><Initials>AD</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7402-9952</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. admckown@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Klápště</LastName><ForeName>Jaroslav</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5504-3735</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Dendrology and Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, 165 21, Czech Republic.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd.), Whakarewarewa, Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Guy</LastName><ForeName>Robert D</ForeName><Initials>RD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Soolanayakanahally</LastName><ForeName>Raju Y</ForeName><Initials>RY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>La Mantia</LastName><ForeName>Jonathan</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Corn and Soybean Research, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Porth</LastName><ForeName>Ilga</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Département des sciences du bois et de la forêt, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Skyba</LastName><ForeName>Oleksandr</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Unda</LastName><ForeName>Faride</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Douglas</LastName><ForeName>Carl J</ForeName><Initials>CJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>El-Kassaby</LastName><ForeName>Yousry A</ForeName><Initials>YA</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4887-8977</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hamelin</LastName><ForeName>Richard C</ForeName><Initials>RC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mansfield</LastName><ForeName>Shawn D</ForeName><Initials>SD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cronk</LastName><ForeName>Quentin C B</ForeName><Initials>QCB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2017</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>12</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Sci Rep</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101563288</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2045-2322</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="ErratumIn"><RefSource>Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 22;8(1):17410</RefSource><PMID Version="1">30467326</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2017</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>05</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2017</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28500332</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1038/s41598-017-01893-z</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">10.1038/s41598-017-01893-z</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC5431824</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2013 Nov 13;8(11):e78423</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24236018</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2016 Jun;25(11):2427-42</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26825293</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Evolution. 2006 Oct;60(10):2004-11</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17133857</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>J Exp Bot. 2013 Jan;64(2):405-20</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23125359</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Nat Rev Genet. 2013 Nov;14(11):807-20</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24136507</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Bioinformatics. 2007 May 15;23(10):1294-6</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17384015</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Plant Cell Environ. 2013 Jan;36(1):116-27</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22702736</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2014 Dec;23(23):5771-90</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25319679</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>BMC Plant Biol. 2014 Oct 16;14:276</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25318822</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Physiol Plant. 2013 Apr;147(4):477-88</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22897484</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2016 Apr 29;67:397-420</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26653795</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Am J Bot. 2014 Oct;101(10):1588-96</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25326608</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Ecol Lett. 2014 Feb;17(2):221-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24215269</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2015 Jul;24(13):3243-56</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25728270</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Genetics. 2010 Nov;186(3):1033-44</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20805554</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Plant Cell Environ. 2009 Oct;32(10):1401-11</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19552665</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>New Phytol. 2014 Mar;201(4):1263-76</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24491114</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>New Phytol. 2012 Nov;196(3):713-25</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22861491</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Plant Cell Environ. 2010 Oct;33(10):1767-78</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20545878</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Tree Physiol. 2012 Nov;32(11):1321-4</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23139060</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2010 Mar;19(6):1212-26</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20163548</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Tree Physiol. 2015 Sep;35(9):936-48</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26232786</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Oecologia. 2016 Jun;181(2):381-90</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26886130</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>New Phytol. 2014 Jul;203(2):535-53</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24750093</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2014 May;23(10):2486-99</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24750333</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2013 Mar;22(5):1214-30</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23094714</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Tree Physiol. 2008 Jul;28(7):1037-48</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18450568</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Front Plant Sci. 2015 Jul 14;6:528</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26236324</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Tree Physiol. 2012 Nov;32(11):1325-38</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22918961</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Mol Ecol. 2015 Jul;24(13):3217-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26113024</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Nat Genet. 2014 Oct;46(10):1089-96</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25151358</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2011;62:485-514</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21526970</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Tree Physiol. 2011 Oct;31(10):1076-87</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21990023</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>BMC Genomics. 2015 Jan 23;16:24</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25613058</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Evolution. 2014 Nov;68(11):3260-80</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25065449</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>J Exp Bot. 2013 Jan;64(1):67-82</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23183260</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>J Exp Bot. 2015 Oct;66(20):6083-92</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26163697</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Am Nat. 2009 Feb;173(2):176-87</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19138156</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Am J Bot. 2011 Jan;98(1):99-108</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21613088</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Syst Biol. 2012 May;61(3):401-12</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22213709</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Aug 21;109(34):13710-5</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22869747</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Heredity (Edinb). 2005 Aug;95(2):118-28</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15931241</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Oecologia. 2013 Jul;172(3):653-65</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23212534</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Plant Cell Environ. 2009 Dec;32(12):1821-32</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19712064</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2015 Nov 23;10(11):e0142864</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26599762</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>New Phytol. 2013 Feb;197(3):777-90</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23278123</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Evolution. 2010 Jan;64(1):97-107</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19659596</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Tree Physiol. 2014 May;34(5):471-87</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24852570</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Science. 2016 Jul 1;353(6294):69-71</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27365446</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Heredity (Edinb). 2014 Jan;112(1):4-12</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23612691</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>New Phytol. 2016 Sep;211(4):1412-23</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27102236</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Evolution. 1980 Mar;34(2):292-305</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28563426</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Evolution. 1979 Sep;33(3):914-918</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28568430</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Evolution. 1984 Jul;38(4):735-742</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28555827</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li><li>Nouvelle-Zélande</li><li>République tchèque</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Colombie-Britannique </li><li>Québec</li></region><settlement><li>Québec (ville)</li><li>Vancouver</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Laval</li><li>Université de la Colombie-Britannique</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Canada"><region name="Colombie-Britannique "><name sortKey="Mckown, Athena D" sort="Mckown, Athena D" uniqKey="Mckown A" first="Athena D" last="Mckown">Athena D. Mckown</name></region><name sortKey="Cronk, Quentin C B" sort="Cronk, Quentin C B" uniqKey="Cronk Q" first="Quentin C B" last="Cronk">Quentin C B. Cronk</name><name sortKey="Douglas, Carl J" sort="Douglas, Carl J" uniqKey="Douglas C" first="Carl J" last="Douglas">Carl J. Douglas</name><name sortKey="El Kassaby, Yousry A" sort="El Kassaby, Yousry A" uniqKey="El Kassaby Y" first="Yousry A" last="El-Kassaby">Yousry A. El-Kassaby</name><name sortKey="Guy, Robert D" sort="Guy, Robert D" uniqKey="Guy R" first="Robert D" last="Guy">Robert D. Guy</name><name sortKey="Hamelin, Richard C" sort="Hamelin, Richard C" uniqKey="Hamelin R" first="Richard C" last="Hamelin">Richard C. Hamelin</name><name sortKey="Mansfield, Shawn D" sort="Mansfield, Shawn D" uniqKey="Mansfield S" first="Shawn D" last="Mansfield">Shawn D. Mansfield</name><name sortKey="Porth, Ilga" sort="Porth, Ilga" uniqKey="Porth I" first="Ilga" last="Porth">Ilga Porth</name><name sortKey="Porth, Ilga" sort="Porth, Ilga" uniqKey="Porth I" first="Ilga" last="Porth">Ilga Porth</name><name sortKey="Skyba, Oleksandr" sort="Skyba, Oleksandr" uniqKey="Skyba O" first="Oleksandr" last="Skyba">Oleksandr Skyba</name><name sortKey="Soolanayakanahally, Raju Y" sort="Soolanayakanahally, Raju Y" uniqKey="Soolanayakanahally R" first="Raju Y" last="Soolanayakanahally">Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally</name><name sortKey="Unda, Faride" sort="Unda, Faride" uniqKey="Unda F" first="Faride" last="Unda">Faride Unda</name></country><country name="République tchèque"><noRegion><name sortKey="Klapst, Jaroslav" sort="Klapst, Jaroslav" uniqKey="Klapst J" first="Jaroslav" last="Klápšt">Jaroslav Klápšt</name></noRegion></country><country name="Nouvelle-Zélande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Klapst, Jaroslav" sort="Klapst, Jaroslav" uniqKey="Klapst J" first="Jaroslav" last="Klápšt">Jaroslav Klápšt</name></noRegion></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="La Mantia, Jonathan" sort="La Mantia, Jonathan" uniqKey="La Mantia J" first="Jonathan" last="La Mantia">Jonathan La Mantia</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Bois/explor/PoplarV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001200 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 001200 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Bois
|area= PoplarV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:28500332
|texte= Sexual homomorphism in dioecious trees: extensive tests fail to detect sexual dimorphism in Populus †.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:28500332" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PoplarV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.37. |  |